The legend of Shiva Linga or Lingodbhavamurthy is deeply related to Mahashivaratri. The
legend narrates the story of vain search by Brahma and Vishnu to discover the Aadi
(beginning) and the Antha (end) of Lord Shiva. The legend thus proves the supremacy of
Lord Mahadeva over other Hindu Gods and explains why the lingam is believed to be one of
the most potent emblems in Hindu ideals. The story is stated in the three of the puranas -
theKurmaPurana, the VayuPurana and Shiva Purana
The Legend
According to Puranas, once the other two of the triads of Hindu Gods, Brahma and Vishnu
were fighting over each other’s prowess. Horrified at the intensity of the battle, the other
gods asked Shiva to intervene. To make them realize the futility of their fight, Lord Shiva
assumed the form of a flaming Linga in between Brahma and Vishnu and challenged both
of them by asking them to measure the gigantic Linga (phallic symbol of Lord Shiva).
Awestruck by its magnitude, Brahma and Vishnu decided to find one end each to establish
supremacy over the other. Lord Brahma took the form of a swan and went upwards while
Lord Vishnu assumed the form of Varaha - a boar and went into the earth towards nether
land. Both searched for thousands of miles but neither could find the endOn his journey
upward, Brahma came across Ketaki flower. Exhausted and bewildered with his search to
find the uppermost limit of fiery column, Brahma made Ketaki assent to lie that he had seen
the top of the column where the flower had previously resided. Accompanied by his
accomplice, Brahma confronted Vishnu and asserted that he had indeed discovered the
origin of the cosmic column.
At this point, the central part of the pillar split open and Shiva revealed himself in his full
glory. Overawed, both Brahma and Vishnu bowed before him accepted lord Shiva’s
supremacy. Lord Shiva also explained to Brahma and Vishnu that both of them were born
out of him and that the three were then separated out into three different aspects of divinity.
However, Lord Shiva was angry with Brahma for making a false claim. The Lord cursed
Brahma that no one would ever pray to him. (This legend explains why there is hardly any
Brahma temple of significance in India.) Lord Shiva also punished the Ketaki flower for
testifying falsely and banned her from being used as an offering for any worship.
Since it was on the 14th day in the dark fortnight of the month of Phalguna that Shiva first
manifested himself in the form of a Linga, the day is extremely auspicious and is celebrated
asMahashivaratri - the grand night of Shiva. To celebrate the occasion, devotees of Lord
Shiva fast during the day and pray to the Lord throughout the night. It is said that
worshipping of Lord Shiva on Shivaratri bestows one with happiness and prosperity.